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What is it used for (Indication) ?
Carvedilol is indicated in the treatment of mild to moderate congestive heart failure (CHF). It is used alone or with a diuretic ("water-pill") to control high blood pressure.
How it works (Mechanism)?
Carvedilol is in a class of medications called beta blocker (β1, β2) and alpha blocker (α1).
- Norepinephrine stimulates the nerves that control the muscles of the heart by binding to the β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors. Carvedilol blocks the binding to those receptors, which both slows the heart rhythm and reduces the force of the heart's pumping. This lowers blood pressure and reduces heart failure.
- Norepinephrine also binds to the α1-adrenergic receptors on blood vessels, causing them to constrict and raise blood pressure. Carvedilol blocks this binding to the α1-adrenergic receptors too, which also lowers blood pressure.
What is High Blood Pressure, Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) (disease) ?
High Blood Pressure : It is a common disorder in which blood pressure remains abnormally high (a reading of 140/90 mm Hg or greater).
Heart Failure : It is a life-threatening incident in which the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart is blocked.
How to take this medicine (Administration & Dosage) ?
- The usual Adult dose for high blood pressure starts from 6.25 mg twice daily with food. The maximum dosage is 25 mg twice taken daily with food.
- The usual Adult dose of Immediate-release tablets for Angina Pectoris starts from 6.25 mg twice daily with food. The maximum dosage is 50 mg a day.
- The usual Adult dose of Immediate-release tablets for Congestive Heart Failure starts from 3.25 mg taken twice daily with food. Dosage is then usually doubled after every 2 weeks depending on the tolerable condition taken up to max dose of 25 mg to 50 mg. The maximum dosage depends on the weight and tolerability.
- The usual Adult dose of Extended-release capsules for Congestive Heart Failure starts from 10 mg orally taken once daily for 2 weeks. You may then Increase dosage to 20 mg, 40 mg, and 80 mg after every 2 weeks depending on tolerabilty.
- The usual Adult dose of Immediate-release tablets for Hypertension starts from 6.25 mg to 25 mg twice daily with food. The maximum dosage is up to 50 mg a day. The usual Adult dose of Extended-release capsules for Hypertension starts from 20 mg orally taken once daily for 1 to 2 weeks. You may then Increase dosage to 40 mg, then to 80 mg after every 1 or 2 weeks depending on tolerabilty. Max dosage is up to 80 mg a day. Include diet, exercise, and weight control regularly if you are being treated for hypertension. Continue using this medicine as directed, even if you feel well; stopping suddenly may make your condition worse. Talk to your physician and he may gradually decrease the dose over 1 to 2 weeks after checking your condition.
- The usual Adult dose of Immediate-release tablets for Left Ventricular Dysfunction starts from 6.25 mg, however, for a patient unable to tolerate may start with initial dosage of 3.25 mg twice daily. If tolerated increase the dosage to 12.5 mg twice daily after every 3 to 10 days to a target dose of 25 mg twice daily. The usual Adult dose of Extended-release capsules for Left Ventricular Dysfunction starts from 20 mg orally taken once daily, however, for a patient unable to tolerate may start with initial dosage of 10 mg once daily. If tolerated, increase the dosage to 40 mg after 3 to 10 days, then to 80 mg after again 3 to 10 days. Max dosage is up to 80 mg a day.
- Do not crush or chew the capsules. If you open a capsule swallow the entire mixture immediately without chewing.
Side effects of medicine
This medication is generally well tolerated. Common side effects include fatigue, dizziness, hypotension, asthenia, diarrhea, bradycardia, and weight gain. However, serious side effects should be reported to your physician immediately.
Contact your doctor immediately if you have allergic reaction, hives, swelling of throat, swelling of face, lips, or tongue; yellowing of the skin or eyes, jaundice, irregular heartbeats, depression, light-headed, fainting, breathing problem, even with mild exertion, swelling of ankles or feet, nausea, stomach pain, low fever, loss of appetite, cold feeling in your hands and feet, or change of colour in urine and stools.
Interaction with other medicines
It may interact with :
- If you are using any other medication while taking this medicine such as cimetidine, clonidine, cyclosporine, digoxin, diltiazem, epinephrine, fluoxetine, insulin, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as isocarboxazid, phenelzine, tranylcypromine, and selegiline, paroxetine, propafenone, quinidine, reserpine, rifampin, verapamil and diabetes medicine.
- Do not drink alcoholic or take any medications that contain alcohol, 2 hours before and 2 hours after you take carvedilol.
- Show the list to your physician of all prescription/nonprescription medicines, vitamins, minerals, or any dietary supplements you are taking.
- Do not drive or do any hazardious work; or activity that requires alertness.
- Monitor your blood pressure on a regular basis to make sure this medication is helping your condition.
- You should consult your physician if you want to skip, change or stop taking this dose. If you stop suddenly you may experience serious cardiac complications such as arrhythmias.
Contraindications (Who should avoid this)
- If you are hypersensitive to Carvedilol or any other similar medications.
- If you are pregnant or planning to be pregnant.
- If you are breast feeding.
- If you have or ever had been a patient with severe liver disease, bronchitis, emphysema, asthma , breathing problem, serious heart condition, heart block, sick sinus syndrome, or slow heart rate diabetes, problems with blood flow in your feet or legs, low blood sugar, hyperthyroidism, hypotension, pheochromocytoma, Prinzmetal's angina, or serious allergic reaction to a food or any other thing.
- If you are having any surgery or dental surgery talk to your doctor that you are taking carvedilol.
Storage conditions
1. Keep away from light and moisture.
2. Store at room temperature between 15° - 30° C (59° - 86° F).
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Generic vs Brand
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